摘 要:1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸合成酶基因(ACS)编码的蛋白是控制植物体内乙烯合成的关键限速酶,在植物发育、果实成熟、性别决定及抗逆境等过程中都发挥着重要调控作用。该研究采用RT-PCR和RACE技术首次从高丛蓝莓中获得了ACS基因的全长cDNA序列。该基因的cDNA序列全长为1747bp,其开放阅读框长为1323bp,编码440个氨基酸,命名为Vc ACS。Vc ACS为亲水性蛋白,无跨膜结构域,预测定位于细胞核或细胞质,含有AAT_like-吡哆醛-5-磷酸保守结构域。进化树分析表明,蓝莓Vc ACS蛋白和中华猕猴桃ACS蛋白的亲缘关系最近。转录表达水平检测结果表明,VcACS基因主要在花托、花瓣、雄蕊和根中表达,在花托中表达量最高,在嫩茎有低水平的表达,在叶中不表达。PEG6000(干旱)、低温和乙烯利都能诱导Vc ACS基因的表达上调,但表达水平存在差异。该研究成果为蓝莓ACS基因的进一步利用奠定了基础。
关键词:蓝莓;ACS基因;生物信息学分析;表达分析
中图分类号 S663.9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2018)21-0010-07
Cloning and Expression Analysis of Vc ACS Gene from Blueberry
Chen Qiuhong et al.
(College of Agricultural,Hunan Agriculture University,Changsha 410128,China)
Abstract:The protein,1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene (ACS)is a key rate-limiting enzyme for controlling ethylene synthesis in plants.It plays an important role in plant development,fruit ripening,sex determination and stress resistance.In this research,the full-length cDNA sequence of ACS gene was obtained from highbush blueberry for the first time using RT-PCR and RACE technology.The full-length cDNA sequence of the gene was 1747bp,and its open reading frame was 1323bp,encodes 440 amino acids,named Vc ACS.Vc ACS is a hydrophilic protein with no transmembrane domain.It is predicted to be located in the nucleus or cytoplasm and contains the conserved domain of AAT_like-pyridoxal-5-phosphate.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the kinship between Vc ACS protein and ACS protein of Actinidia chinensis was the closest.The results of transcriptional expression analysis showed that Vc ACS gene was mainly expressed in receptacles,petals,stamens and roots,with the highest expression in receptacles and low expression in tender stems,but was not expressed in leaves.PEG6000 (drought),low temperature or ethephon treatment all could induce the expression of Vc ACS gene,but the expression level and induction speed were different.This research lays the foundation for the further utilization of the ACS in blueberry.
Key words:Blueberry;ACS gene;Bioinformatics analysis;Expression analysis
乙烯(ethylene)是一種重要的植物内源性气体激素,参与调控植物种子的萌发、性别分化、果实成熟、生物和非生物胁迫等多种植物生长发育过程[1-4]。乙烯的生物合成是一个复杂的生物化学反应过程,首先蛋氨酸由腺苷蛋氨酸合成酶催化生成腺苷蛋氨酸,之后腺苷蛋氨酸再由ACC合成酶(l-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxlic acid synthase,ACS)催化生成 ACC(l-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid,ACC),最后ACC在ACC氧化酶(l-aminocyclo Pro Pane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase,ACO)的作用下生成乙烯[5,6]。由此可知,在乙烯生物合成途径中,ACS是一个关键的限速酶。ACS的合成是受到ACS基因编码的,但ACS在一般植物组织中含量低,而受生物、非生物胁迫因子诱导进行从头合成,且不易被分离纯化[7]。植物中编码ACS的基因大多是家族基因。目前,研究者已从部分植物中克隆了ACS基因,如在番茄中克隆了9种ACS基因,在拟南芥中克隆了12种,在水稻种分离了5种等等[8]。植物中,不同的ACS基因在植物发育的不同阶段、抗各类生物胁迫、非生物胁迫等具有不同作用。