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[摘要]该文对烟叶的化学成分及其生物活性进行研究,采用硅胶,Sephadex LH-20,MCI GEL CHP 20P,HPLC等色谱技术分离纯化,根据波谱学数据(UV,IR,MS,1D和2D NMR) 进行结构鉴定。从烟叶中分离鉴定了6个化合物,结构分别鉴定为顺式-5′-(2-氧代丙基)-烟碱(1),3-O-(9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)-glyceryl-β-D-galactppyranoside(2),(l′R,2R,5S,10R)-2-(1′,2′-dihydroxy-l′-methylethyl)-6,10-dimethylspiro [4,5]dec-6-en-8-one(3),(l′S,2R,5S,10R)-2-(1′,2′-dihydroxy-l′-methylethyl)-6,10-dimethylspiro [4,5]dec-6-en-8-one(4),2,3-二羟基丙基-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(5),苯乙醇β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)。其中化合物1为新的生物碱,化合物2~5为首次从烟草中分离得到。对化合物1和2进行辣椒素受体(TRPV1)、褪黑素受体(MT1,MT2) 的激动活性筛选,结果表明化合物1在1.53 mmol·L-1时对MT2的激动率为55.41%;化合物2在0.59 mmol·L-1时对TRPV1的激动率为128.11%,在0.73 mmol·L-1时对MT1的激动率为52.00%。
[关键词]顺式-5′-羰丙基烟碱;化学成分;生物活性;普通烟草
[Abstract]In this paper, the chemical constituents and bioactivities of leaves of Nicotiana tabacum were investigated. Six compounds were isolated by means of various chromatographic techniques (silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI GEL CHP-20P and HPLC), and their structures were elucidated as cis-5′-(2-oxopropyl)-nicotine (1), 3-O-(9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoyl)-glyceryl-β-D-galactppyranoside (2), (l′R, 2R, 5S, 10R)-2-(1′, 2′-dihydroxy-l′-methylethyl)-6, 10-dimethylspiro [4, 5]dec-6-en-8-one (3), (l′S, 2R, 5S, l0R)-2-(1′, 2′-dihydroxy-l′-methylethyl)-6, 10-dimethylspiro [4, 5]dec-6-en-8-one (4),2, 3-dihydroxypropyl-β-D-galactoside (5) and phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside (6) by extensive spectroscopic analyses (UV, IR, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR). Among them, compound 1 is a new alkaloid, and compounds 2-6 are isolated for the first time from N. tabacum. Compounds 1 and 2 were assayed for agitating activities on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), melatonin receptor 1 and 2 (MT1 and MT2), 1 showed agitating rate of 55.41% (1.53mmol·L-1) on MT2 and 2 possessed agitating rate of 128.11% (0.59 mmol·L-1) and 52.00% (0.73mmol·L-1) on TRPV1 and MT1, respectively.
[Key words]cis-5′-(2-oxopropyl)-nicotine; chemical constituent; bioactivity; Nicotiana tabacum
烟草Nicotiana tabacum 为茄科烟草属植物,在世界各地广泛种植,其叶是烟草工业重要原料,地上部分可做农业杀虫剂,药用可做麻醉、发汗、镇静和催眠剂[1]。烟草属植物的化学成分主要有生物碱、萜类、黄酮和酚类等[2-3]。烟草的特征成分烟碱和(1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol分别能阻止β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ) 和diisopropylfluorophosphate(DFP) 对神经损害而对神经具有保护作用[4-5]。为了深入研究烟草中抗神经系统疾病的活性成分,本研究利用多种色谱技术对烟叶进行化学成分和抗神经系统疾病活性研究,从中分离得到6个化合物,根据波谱学数据他们的结构分别鉴定为顺式-5′-(2-氧代丙基)-烟碱(1),3-O-(9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)-glyceryl-β-D-galactppyranoside(2),(l′R,2R,5S,10R)-2-(1′,2′-dihydroxy-l′-methylethyl)-6,10-dimethylspiro [4,5]dec-6-en-8-one(3),(l′S,2R,5S,10R)-2-(1′,2′-dihydroxy-l′-methylethyl)-6,10-dimethylspiro [4,5]dec-6-en-8-one(4),2,3-二羟基丙基-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(5),苯乙醇β-D-葡萄糖苷(6);对化合物1和2进行辣椒素受体(TRPV1)、褪黑素受体(MT1,MT2) 的激动活性筛选,结果表明新化合物1在1.53 mmol·L-1浓度下对MT2的激动率为55.41%;化合物2在0.59 mmol·L-1浓度时对TRPV1的激动率为128.11%。